Biliary Tract Cancers: Racial Differences in Genomic Profiles

Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are cancers that affect the bile ducts and gallbladder, including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ECC), and gallbladder cancers. Researchers have found several genomic changes in these cancers, such as mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1), rearrangements in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), and amplifications in ERBB2. Medicines targeting these changes have shown benefits for patients in the U. S. However, little is known about how these genomic profiles differ between races. African American patients, in particular, are under-represented in these studies. Scientists decided to explore these differences by analyzing data from the Foundation Medicine and American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) GENIE databases for African American and Caucasian patients with BTCs. Racial disparities in cancer treatment and outcomes have long been a concern, and understanding the genomic profile differences could help tailor treatments more effectively. It's important to recognize that genetic makeup can influence how cancer develops and responds to therapy. By studying these differences, healthcare providers can hope to offer more personalized and effective treatment options for all patients. While this is a step in the right direction, it's crucial to remember that genomic profiling is just one piece of the puzzle. Environmental factors, healthcare access, and socioeconomic conditions also play significant roles in cancer outcomes.