Climate Change and HIV: The Hidden Struggles of Nairobi's Youth

The effects of climate change are far-reaching, impacting everything from weather patterns to public health. One group often overlooked in these discussions is young sex workers and gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (gbMSM) in Nairobi, Kenya. These individuals face unique challenges when it comes to HIV vulnerabilities, especially during extreme weather events (EWE). In 2023, a study shed light on the experiences of 36 young people aged 18-24 in Nairobi. The participants included 21 sex workers and 15 gbMSM. They shared their stories through interviews and digital storytelling workshops. The goal was to understand how climate change and EWE affect their access to basic resources like food and water, and how these factors influence their HIV risks. The findings were eye-opening. Droughts and flooding, for instance, don't just cause immediate damage. They also lead to long-term resource shortages. This scarcity forces individuals to adopt survival strategies that can increase their HIV risks. For example, some participants reported engaging in transactional sex or having less control over condom use during these tough times. Another alarming discovery was the increase in sexual violence during EWE. The lack of resources and infrastructure makes these individuals more vulnerable to abuse. Additionally, LGBTQ stigma further complicates their access to resources, creating a vicious cycle of hardship. Participants offered valuable insights on how to improve HIV prevention and sexual health support for young sex workers and gbMSM. They emphasized the need for multi-level strategies that address stigma, resource scarcity, and violence. By learning from their experiences, it is possible to create more effective, climate-informed HIV programs. The study highlights the urgent need for tailored support for these marginalized groups. As climate change continues to impact Kenya, it is crucial to consider how these changes affect the most vulnerable populations. Only by understanding and addressing these unique challenges can we hope to advance sexual health and rights for all.