How Experiments Help Us Understand Cultural Evolution

In recent years, scientists have been conducting lab experiments to test ideas about how culture evolves. These experiments have uncovered some interesting things, like how cultures change over time, the biases that shape what becomes popular, and even if animals can have their own cultures. We've seen improvements in how these experiments are done, showing that researchers are learning and refining their methods. One big debate is about how to show that culture can build upon itself, something called cumulative culture. Some people think that previous experiments didn't use the right learning conditions. To address this, scientists designed a new experiment where people had to solve a puzzle in different ways, either alone or with others. Surprisingly, people who worked alone and took breaks did the best. This makes us think about the pros and cons of learning alone versus with others, like how it can be tiring or repetitive when learning in a group.