How Weathering Affects Rock Strength: A New Approach

The point load test is a go-to method for quickly figuring out the strength of soft, weathered rock. This is because getting intact cylindrical samples from such rock can be tricky. Two common ways to calculate point load strength are the loading-span and equivalent-diameter methods. However, a new approach, the equivalent area method, is gaining attention. It focuses on the ratio between the actual failure cross section and the minimum cross section. This method was tested on irregular phyllite samples with varying levels of weathering-heavy, moderate, and slight. The shape factor and loading span play big roles in determining the point load strength index. As weathering gets worse, the median area factor increases, showing a skewed distribution. This factor is much higher than what the loading-span and equivalent-diameter methods suggest. A median area factor of 1. 43 is recommended for better accuracy. The point load strength index decreases as the shape factor and loading span increase, following a power-law trend. Weathering affects how sensitive the index is to the shape factor but not to the loading span. For different weathering levels, there are specific guidelines for the shape factor and loading span. Heavily weathered samples should have a shape factor of at least 0. 4, moderately weathered at least 0. 5, and slightly weathered at least 0. 6. The loading span should be between 35 and 80 mm. The equivalent area method stands out because it uses a variable area factor. This factor considers the actual failure cross section in irregular samples, reducing scatter in test results. This method is particularly useful for soft or weathered rock, where traditional core preparation is hard to do. The equivalent area method provides more stable estimates of point load strength. It also offers practical guidelines for selecting specimens. This makes it highly relevant for geotechnical applications in weak-rock environments. By understanding how weathering affects rock strength, engineers and geologists can make better decisions. They can choose the right methods and tools for assessing rock strength in various conditions. This new approach could lead to more accurate and reliable results in the field.