Innovation Hubs: How Leadership Shapes Success in Romanian Research Institutes

Romania's public research institutes (PRIs) are under the microscope. Researchers have been digging into how the way these institutes are run affects their ability to turn ideas into businesses and patents. The focus is on the people at the top—the board of directors (BD) and their impact on knowledge and technology transfer (KTT) and entrepreneurial efforts over the past decade. The study looked at the makeup of these boards, specifically the gender and industry background of the members. It turns out that having more women on the board doesn't necessarily boost the number of new firms or patents. In fact, PRIs led by women were less likely to create spin-offs. The gender of the general director didn't make much difference in patenting either. But here's where it gets interesting: having more external directors, especially those from industry, really makes a difference. These outsiders bring a fresh perspective and a focus on practical applications, which can drive entrepreneurial efforts. The presence of technology transfer offices also plays a big role. These offices act as bridges between research and industry, helping to turn scientific discoveries into marketable products. Scientific excellence, while important, has a smaller impact on patenting. It's like having a great recipe but not knowing how to cook it for a crowd. Geography also matters, but not in a straightforward way. Being in a certain location can either help or hinder the creation of spin-offs and patents. It's a mixed bag, influenced by factors like local industry demand and regional policies. This research shines a light on something often overlooked: the role of PRIs in turning science into business, especially in countries like Romania that are still developing economically. It's a reminder that the people in charge and the structures they create can make or break innovation.