America's Obesity Dilemma: Lifestyle Change vs. New Drugs

Elon Musk, a tech billionaire advising the incoming president, thinks the solution to America's obesity crisis lies in making new weight loss drugs cheap. Meanwhile, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. , the president-elect's pick for health secretary, believes lifestyle changes are key. Both views highlight the complex challenge of tackling obesity in the U. S. Food companies have made it tough for Americans to eat healthily. But new drugs like Wegovy and Zepbound can help people resist high-calorie foods. Some experts, like Dr. Jeffrey Friedman, think these drugs are the best shot at improving health. Others, such as Dr. Charles Burant, believe changing the food system is crucial. Past efforts to encourage healthier lifestyles, like the diabetes prevention study in 1996, showed promising results but failed to make lasting changes. Experts like Dr. Christopher Gardner at Stanford and Dr. Kevin Volpp at the University of Pennsylvania argue that permanent lifestyle changes are hard to maintain.Genetics also play a role, with some people more prone to obesity. Dr. Friedman points out that simply reducing portion sizes might not work if people just eat more. The food industry isn't eager to help, as Dr. Burant discovered when he tried to develop a hunger-reducing drink. Some experts worry about the cost of widespread drug use. Dr. Volpp suggests reserving drugs for the most severe cases and exploring other solutions like marketing restrictions and food taxes. Dr. Peter Lurie and Dr. Robert Califf believe a multi-pronged approach is needed, combining lifestyle changes, drug use, and better food policies. The path forward is unclear, but experts agree that tackling obesity requires a combination of strategies.