Herbicides in Our Waters: How They Affect Duckweed and Water Ferns

Did you know that some herbicides can have a big impact on our water plants? We're talking about stuff like indaziflam, sulfentrazone, clomazone, and tebuthiuron. These chemicals were tested to see how harmful they are to two common water plants, duckweed (Lemna minor) and water ferns (Azolla caroliniana). Scientists did these tests in a lab, using different amounts of each herbicide and repeating the experiment four times. They wanted to find out how much of each chemical it takes to hurt 50% of the plants, how it affects their weight, and if it's a risk to the environment.For duckweed, the amounts that caused harm were really low for some herbicides like clomazone (0. 41 mg/L) and sulfentrazone (0. 73 mg/L). For others, it was even lower, like indaziflam (0. 12 mg/L) and tebuthiuron (0. 21 mg/L). Water ferns seemed a bit tougher, needing more of the herbicides to be harmed. But even at the smallest amounts, these herbicides made the plants weigh less. Clomazone wasn't as bad for water ferns as it was for duckweed. It was only considered "moderately toxic" for water ferns, but "highly toxic" for duckweed. This shows that different plants react differently to herbicides. It's worrying that these chemicals, which are meant to kill weeds, can also harm our water plants. This could mess up the balance in our aquatic ecosystems. So, it's important to be careful with how we use and dispose of these herbicides.