How do plants and fibers team up to make concrete better for nature?

Plants and fibers can work together to make concrete more eco-friendly. This is especially important for protecting slopes from erosion. But how exactly do they do this? And what happens when the plants die? These are the big questions scientists are trying to answer. First, let's talk about the plants. Three different types were tested: Cynodon dactylon, Lolium perenne, and Paspalum notatum. Each has unique root systems. Cynodon dactylon has fibrous roots that create tiny pores, which help the concrete hold onto water. Lolium perenne has taproots that grow straight down, making paths for water to flow. Paspalum notatum has coarse roots that build a strong structure, balancing water retention and stability.Now, let's add palm fiber to the mix. This fiber changes the concrete's structure, making it better for plant roots to grow. It connects and divides pores, creating a network that holds water and reduces the concrete's density. This is great for the plants, as they can grow better and help stabilize the concrete. But what happens when the plants die? Unfortunately, the concrete loses some of its water-holding ability. The dead roots can't help hold the structure together, and new paths for water to flow can form, leading to problems. However, the palm fiber network can help delay this process, keeping the concrete stable for longer. This research is important for understanding how to make concrete more eco-friendly. By using plants and fibers, we can create materials that are better for nature and more stable in the long run.