Saving Turtle Babies: How Marshes and Predators Affect Their Survival

Did you know that European pond turtles (Emys orbicularis) are under threat? These long-living turtles aren't having much luck with their babies due to high predation. Scientists decided to study how different habitats and predators in near-natural marshes around Lake Balaton in Hungary impact turtle egg and hatchling survival. They placed artificial turtle nests in these marshes in May and June, and dummy hatchlings in September. Guess what? The nests in the least disturbed, most extensive area with the largest turtle population without predator control didn't fare too well. But hatchlings had a better chance of survival compared to eggs.Interestingly, the density of carnivore dens had a negative effect, while marsh vegetation coverage didn't seem to matter much. Mammals, especially red foxes, were the main culprits for nest predation. For hatchlings, corvids and wild boars also played a role. Predation by mammals increased when there weren't enough dry spots for laying eggs and when the nests were far from water. The study shows that conservation efforts need to be tailored to these sensitive environments to boost turtle reproduction.