Smart Ways to Save for Retirement: Understanding 401(k)s and Roth IRAs

Retirement planning is crucial, especially since Social Security benefits alone won't cover living expenses. In 2025, the average monthly Social Security check is around $2, 000, which adds up to about $24, 000 a year. This amount is just above the poverty line for a two-person household. To secure a comfortable retirement, many people rely on employer-sponsored 401(k) plans and Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs). These accounts offer tax advantages and are designed to help individuals save for the future. A traditional IRA allows contributions that may be tax-deductible, while a Roth IRA offers tax-free growth and withdrawals. Both options have their benefits, and understanding them can help you make informed decisions about your retirement savings. Financial expert Dave Ramsey highlights the importance of these savings tools. He explains that a Roth IRA allows you to save a specific amount each year, with the added benefit of tax-free growth and withdrawals during retirement. This makes it a powerful option for long-term savings. On the other hand, a 401(k) is an employer-sponsored retirement plan where employees can automatically invest a portion of their paycheck. Contributions to a traditional 401(k) are tax-deferred, meaning you won't pay income taxes on the money until you withdraw it during retirement.One of the key advantages of a 401(k) is the potential for employer matching contributions. This means you can get an instant return on part of your investment, which is essentially free money. Additionally, pretax contributions to a 401(k) can lower your taxable income, making it easier to invest more. For those looking for more flexibility, a Roth IRA offers broader investment choices and is not tied to any employer. You can open a Roth IRA at any time, regardless of your employment status, and there are no mandatory withdrawal requirements. This allows your savings to continue growing for as long as you keep the account. Another benefit of a Roth IRA is the option for a spousal IRA. Married couples can fund a Roth IRA for a non-working spouse, providing additional savings opportunities. When it comes to 401(k) rollovers, you can move money from a former employer's 401(k) into an IRA or another retirement plan. This process doesn't count toward your yearly IRA contribution limit, giving you more flexibility in managing your retirement savings.