The Dark Side of Light: How Phototoxicity Affects Intestinal Organoids

Live imaging is a powerful tool in life science, helping us see how cells and tissues work. But it comes with a hidden hazard—phototoxicity. This happens when light used for imaging damages cells. Researchers, using small intestinal epithelial cells grown in 3D, called enteroids, found that even low light doses cause problems. Cells start making weird RNA, messing up their response to harmful molecules, metabolism, cell division, and immune reactions.High light doses push cells towards self-destruction, called apoptosis. And when it comes to intestinal epithelial function, high doses cause issues with cell structure and secretion, but not with drug removal. So, while we can't see these changes with our eyes, we can see them in RNA sequences, giving us a new perspective on the risks of phototoxicity.