Madagascar's River: A Strange Sight from Space

NASA astronaut Don Pettit recently snapped a photo from the International Space Station (ISS) that shows something quite fascinating. The Betsiboka River estuary in Madagascar, when seen from 250 miles above Earth, looks a lot like the tiny blood vessels in the back of our eyes, known as the retina. This isn't because of some biological miracle, but due to the reddish color of the river water. It's all thanks to the high concentration of iron-rich sediments that the river carries. This reddish water isn't just a pretty sight; it's a sign of a big problem. Over a century of heavy logging in Madagascar has led to severe erosion. When it rains, the red soil washes into the rivers, giving them their unique color. This has caused significant changes to the coastal area, with sediment even blocking waterways, making it tough for ships to travel upriver like they used to. Natural disasters like Cyclone Gafilo in 2004 have made things worse. The storm caused major flooding and sediment flow, showing just how quickly things can change. But it's not all doom and gloom. The government has been working on programs to slow down deforestation, promote reforestation, and reduce soil erosion to help tackle these environmental issues. Pettit, who has been to space four times and is NASA's oldest serving astronaut at 69, has a knack for capturing these dramatic scenes. Last year, he shared an image of the Amazon basin at night, with moonlight reflecting off the water, looking like "flowing silver snakes. " He also shared an image of SpaceX Starlink satellites reflecting light, which he likened to "cosmic fireflies. " Even in space, Pettit finds ways to have fun. He recently showed how microgravity makes changing camera lenses easier in a video he shared.