Migrasomes: How Cells' Stretch Marks Help in Migration

Ever wondered how cells handle stress during migration? It turns out, they form tiny bubbles called migrasomes. These aren't just any bubbles; they form in specific areas called retraction fibers (RFs) when cells migrate. RFs are like tiny tubes pulled out of a cell's outer layer during movement. Let's dive into how these migrasomes form. First, a part of the RF swells up, creating a small bump. This bump then becomes stable with help from proteins. But how does this bump form in the first place? Scientists thought it might be due to increased tension in the cell's outer layer, much like when you blow up a balloon.To test this, they exposed cells to a special environment that increased water flow into the cells, boosting the outer layer's tension. Sure enough, migrasome-like bumps appeared, especially where RFs branched out. They also created a simple model using tiny tubes connected by a junction, similar to RFs. When they increased the tension, bumps formed, mostly at the junctions. Using math and physics, they showed that increased tension naturally leads to these bumps forming, no matter how the tension is applied. This helps us understand how cells cope with stress during migration. So next time you think about stress, remember: even cells can form bubbles to handle it!