Neurology Pioneer's Surprising Defense of Nazi Neuroscientist

In 1953, a well-known neurologist named Robert Wartenberg faced an unusual paradox. He was a prominent figure in neurology who fled Nazi Germany, yet he found himself advocating for a German neuroscientist with a dark past. Julius Hallervorden, a former Nazi collaborator, was invited to speak at an international neurology conference in Lisbon. The Dutch delegation boycotted the event due to Hallervorden's ethical lapses, including the use of brains from patients killed in the Nazi euthanasia program. Wartenberg, however, saw this as an opportunity to reconnect German neuroscience with the world community and foster a united front against communism. He wrote numerous letters, trying to sway neuroscientists to support Hallervorden's attendance. Wartenberg's efforts, though misguided, aimed to restore German neuroscience to its international standing. But his stance overlooked the serious ethical issues that surrounded Hallervorden's work, and ultimately hindered justice for the victims. Today, this incident serves as a reminder for neurologists about the perils of ignoring ethics for political gain.