Plants That Bounce Back: Secrets of Surviving Drought

Some plants have a superpower: they can survive extreme drought. These are called resurrection plants. They can dry out completely and come back to life when water returns. Scientists have been studying these plants for a long time. They want to understand how these plants do this. This knowledge could help other plants, like crops, survive droughts too. The journey to understand these plants started with a special plant called Craterostigma plantagineum. It comes from South Africa. In the 1990s, scientists used this plant to study what happens inside it when it dries out. They found that certain genes become more active. These genes help the plant survive without water. Some of these genes are similar to those that help seeds survive drying out during development. Over time, scientists have learned more about how these plants survive. They have looked at the genes and how they work together. They have also looked at the chemicals that change inside the plant. This has helped them understand the whole picture of how these plants cope with drought. Recently, scientists have even mapped out the entire genetic makeup of these plants. This has helped them find common traits among different resurrection plants. The goal is to use this information to help other plants. If crops can be made to survive drought, it could help with food shortages caused by climate change. But there's a catch. These plants are special. They live in specific places where they can dry out and come back to life. Most plants can't do this. So, scientists have a big challenge. They need to figure out how to make other plants do what these special plants can do.