Quick and Easy HFMD Tests: Current Methods and Future Possibilities

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a global health concern, and fast diagnosis is key to controlling outbreaks. One way to achieve this is through isothermal nucleic acid amplification techniques (INAATs). These methods are efficient and quick, making them ideal for point-of-care testing (POCT). INAATs include loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), simultaneous amplification and testing (SAT), and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA). Each has its strengths: LAMP is great for POCT, SAT handles RNA degradation well, and RPA is quick and works at low temperatures. These methods are being explored for use in lateral flow strips (LFS) and microfluidic devices. LFS is useful for quick, multiple detections, while microfluidics can process samples, amplify results, and provide output all in one go. This makes HFMD monitoring more efficient. These advances could revolutionize how we keep track of HFMD, making it easier to prevent and manage outbreaks.