Student Loans: What's Next for Borrowers in Default

The Education Department is set to resume collection efforts on defaulted student loans starting next month. This move affects about 5. 3 million borrowers who have fallen behind on their federal student loans. These individuals may soon face wage garnishment, tax refund seizures, and reductions in Social Security benefits to repay their debts. The pause on collections, which began in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, is ending. During this time, federal student loan payments and interest accrual were also halted as a temporary relief measure. The Biden administration extended this grace period multiple times, but it officially ended in October. The Education Department will soon notify borrowers about these collection efforts. However, there are ways for borrowers to escape default. The department will communicate with borrowers through Federal Student Aid, providing information about their options. It is important to understand the difference between delinquent and defaulted student loans. A loan becomes delinquent after 90 days of missed payments. If this continues for another 180 days, the loan goes into default. Default has more severe consequences, including potential wage garnishment and damage to credit scores. When a loan defaults, it appears on the borrower's credit report, and the government sends the borrower into collections. The Education Department suggests visiting the Default Resolution Group to explore options like making monthly payments, enrolling in income-driven repayment plans, or signing up for loan rehabilitation. Loan rehabilitation is a recommended option. Borrowers must contact their loan servicer to enroll in this program. Typically, servicers require proof of income and expenses to determine the payment amount. After nine consecutive on-time payments, the borrower is taken out of default. However, loan rehabilitation can only be done once. For those struggling with payments, student loan forbearance is another option. Forbearance temporarily pauses loan payments for up to 12 months, although interest continues to accrue during this period. Borrowers must contact their loan servicer to apply for forbearance. It is crucial for borrowers to act now if their student loans are in default. Taking proactive steps can help avoid the harsh consequences of involuntary collection. Understanding the options available and seeking assistance can make a significant difference in managing student loan debt.