Turning Waste Oil into Fuel: The Ultrasonic Way

Transforming the used cooking oil from your favorite fried chicken joint into clean fuel. That’s what scientists are exploring with ultrasonic technology. Before the oil can be turned into biodiesel, it goes through a two-step process called degumming and esterification. First, the oil is cleaned to remove impurities. Then, it’s mixed with ethanol and a tiny bit of sulfuric acid to kickstart the process.The main event, transesterification, involves more ethanol and a potassium hydroxide catalyst. This mixture is zapped with ultrasonic waves at a frequency of 40 kHz. Scientists tested different combinations of oil to ethanol ratios, catalyst concentrations, and temperatures. The best results were achieved with a 1:12 oil to ethanol ratio, at a temperature of 50°C, and 1% potassium hydroxide. The outcome? A whopping 65% biodiesel yield! And this homemade fuel met the standards set by the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 04-7182-2006. So, the next time you think about throwing out that old frying oil, remember—it could be powering a car instead of clogging a drain.