Underrated H2B Enzyme Boosts Cancer Cell Strength: A New Target for Immunotherapy

Ever wondered how cancer cells trick the immune system into turning a blind eye? Well, there's an enzyme called Deltex E3 ubiquitin ligase 2, or DTX2, that does just that in liver cancer. Scientists found out that this enzyme helps cancer cells in the liver attract certain immune cells called neutrophils, which then act as shields for the cancer cells. These neutrophils can stop other immune cells, like T cells, from attacking the cancer cells. Interestingly, DTX2 influences this process by attaching small proteins called ubiquitins to a part of our DNA called histone H2B. This little tweak enhances the production of proteins that attract neutrophils. When researchers tested a drug that stops DTX2 from working, they found that liver tumors grew slowly and became more sensitive to a common immunotherapy treatment called PD-1 antibody. What this means is that DTX2 could be a great target for future treatments aimed at making immunotherapy more effective for liver cancer patients. Don't you think that's fascinating? It goes to show that sometimes, the smallest changes can make the biggest differences.