Unraveling the Sweet Dance: How Mucor Hiemalis Enzymes Build Sugar Clusters on Cyclodextrins

Scientists have been exploring how an enzyme from Mucor hiemalis, known as Endo-M, can stitch together sugar clusters on cyclodextrins. This enzyme is particularly interested in sugars attached to β-cyclodextrin, which are tiny, donut-shaped molecules. The game changes when these cyclodextrins have multiple glucose units sticking out in different arrangements. Instead of just snipping off these sugars, Endo-M can pass them on to other sugars, a process called transglycosylation. This creates a unique sugar chain on the cyclodextrin. The researchers were curious about how the enzyme behaved when given different ways to play with sugars connected to the cyclodextrins. They experimented with two types of cyclodextrins, each carrying seven sugar units but positioned differently.They noticed that changing the ratio of the sugar donors to the cyclodextrins influenced how readily the enzyme could link them up. This wasn't just about quantity; the spatial setup also made a difference. The scientists proved that Endo-M could effectively build these intricate sugar clusters on cyclodextrins, offering fresh insights into how sugar chains can be rearranged and built anew.