Warmer Seas, Busy Worms: How Temperature Boosts Marine Activity

In the Wadden Sea, tiny critters are making a big difference. These worms and small animals, known as benthic infauna, mix up sediment in a process called bioturbation. This mixing matters because it connects the seafloor with the water above, helping nutrients move around. But what happens when the water gets warmer? Scientists wanted to find out, so they set up a controlled experiment with some key creatures from the Wadden Sea. They tested how temperature affects the activity of burrowing worms like Arenicola marina and Hediste diversicolor, the bivalve Cerastoderma edule, and the tube-building worm Lanice conchilega.Turns out, warmer temps make these animals work faster. Arenicola marina, for instance, can churn up to 375 square centimeters of sediment per year. That's a lot of digging! And here's an interesting detail: Arenicola marina doubles the amount of a nutrient called silicate that it releases. Warmer temps also boost nutrient releases from other worms and help the oxygen level in the sediment. So, could higher sea temperatures be good for the Wadden Sea? Maybe, because these busy critters could better mix nutrients and oxygen. This could lead to more plant growth and food production, keeping the ecosystem healthy. But we need to remember, while warmer temps might have some benefits, there's always a flip side to consider, like the impact on other species and the overall balance of the ecosystem.