What Do People in India Think About New HIV Prevention Tools?

People in India are getting more choices for HIV prevention. This includes long-lasting medicines, special antibodies, and vaccines. These new options might sound great, but they also come with tough decisions. People need to think about what they want and what works best for them. To figure this out, a study was done with groups of people who are at higher risk for HIV. This included female sex workers, men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, transgender women, and young women. The study happened in big cities like Chennai, Delhi, and Mumbai. It involved talking to people in groups and one-on-one. They also did some experiments to see how people make decisions about these new tools. The main things people cared about were how well the tools work, how often they need to be used, and if they have side effects. Most people wanted something that is at least 70% to 90% effective. They also preferred getting an injection in the arm because it is familiar and private. Some people liked the buttocks for injections because it hurts less and doesn't affect movement. Getting an injection every 3 to 6 months at a community place was the top choice. Most people did not want to give themselves the injections. They felt more comfortable with healthcare workers doing it. People had concerns about side effects, especially how they might affect other health issues, pregnancy, and gender-affirmation treatments. When people were shown different options, they liked the one that was not based on antiretrovirals. This option was injected in the arm every three months by a healthcare worker. People's thoughts about these new tools were mixed. They had both good and bad feelings about them. This made it hard for them to decide what they really wanted. Some people even changed their minds after thinking about it more. The study showed that people need to think carefully about these new HIV prevention tools. They need to consider how they fit into their lives and what trade-offs they are willing to make. This is important for making sure these new tools are accepted and used by the people who need them most.