Wind Patterns Predict Dust Storms in Northeastern Iran

Scientists studied wind data from ten weather stations between 2014 and 2023 in Khorasan Razavi, a province that often faces dust storms. They gathered daily wind speeds and directions along with records of dust events, then used mapping software to show how these factors vary across the region and over time. The analysis showed that winds coming from the north or northwest are a strong indicator of dust storms at almost every station and during all seasons. The town of Sarakhs stood out as the main source of dust, especially when spring and summer bring higher wind speeds.In contrast, the capital city Mashhad experiences dust events when winds shift to the south during fall and winter. This seasonal difference highlights how local geography can change wind behavior and dust transport. By linking specific wind directions and speeds to dust activity, the study suggests practical steps for communities. For example, warning alerts could be issued in high‑risk zones like Sarakhs whenever wind speeds cross a set threshold. Other measures include restoring vegetation in areas exposed to strong dust‑carrying winds and updating air quality advisories in Mashhad based on seasonal wind patterns. These actions aim to reduce health risks and protect the environment from dust damage.