Two surgical methods, one-hole split endoscopy (OSE) and unilateral biportal endoscopy (UBE), are being compared to see which is better for treating lumbar degenerative disease. This comparison is important for doctors to make informed decisions about which method to use. Lumbar degenerativ
Imagine a parasite that thrives in warm, humid conditions. Fasciola spp. is a parasite that causes fasciolosis, a disease that's becoming more common in warmer regions. This study looked at how climate affects the presence of Fasciola spp. in Iran, especially in Gilan province, a known hotspot for t
A massive asteroid, dubbed 2024 YR4, has caught the attention of scientists worldwide. This space rock, estimated to be between 130 to 300 feet wide, has a 2. 3% chance of colliding with Earth on December 22, 2032. This probability is nearly double what it was when first detected. The asteroid's pot
Packaging is a big problem for our environment. But, what if we told you that the solution might be hiding in your kitchen? Cereal proteins, found in grains like wheat, corn, rice, and oats, are being used to create biodegradable packaging films. These proteins are great at keeping water out and
Imagine a world where plastic pollution is a thing of the past. It might sound like a dream, but scientists are making it a reality. They've discovered a special mix of bacteria that can break down a common plastic additive called dibutyl phthalate (DBP). This stuff is used to make plastics flexible
Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) are known for their ability to clean up aquaculture waters by breaking down harmful substances like ammonia and nitrite. But here's a surprising twist: these bacteria can also tackle a much tougher challenge. They can degrade stubborn pharmaceutical residues, such as ci
Imagine tiny robots that can twist and turn, cleaning up water pollution. These aren't your average robots; they're soft, flexible, and have special powers. They can move in different ways and break down nasty pollutants. These robots are made with a clever design. They have two main parts.
Imagine this: a world where filters for cleaning our air and water are not just effective, but also eco-friendly. Sounds like a dream, right? Well, scientists have been working on making this dream a reality. They've discovered a way to use silk nanofibrils (SNFs) to create filters that can tackle b
Selenium, a trace element, is crucial for brain health. It's part of selenoproteins, which are proteins that contain selenium. These selenoproteins are essential for keeping the brain functioning properly. They do this by helping to maintain the balance of metals in the brain. When this balance is d
Back pain is a huge problem, affecting many people worldwide. It can be caused by the degeneration of intervertebral discs (IVDs), which are the cushions between our vertebrae. But why do these discs break down? Scientists are now looking at how our bones sense and react to mechanical forces, a proc
