Biliary tract cancer is a tough nut to crack. It is hard for doctors to predict how patients will react to immunotherapy. This is a big problem in the medical world. The way genes and immune cells behave can give clues about how well treatment will work. The immune system is like a security guard for the body. It fights off invaders, like viruses and bacteria. But s...
Lung cancer is a formidable foe, but some people manage to outsmart it. Dukhi Hong, an 84-year-old woman from Utah, is one of those rare individuals who have defied the odds. She was given a grim prognosis in 2019 when doctors diagnosed her with aggressive small cell lung cancer. This type of cancer is notorious for its rapid spread and low survival rates. Her family...
Cancer treatment has seen a major boost thanks to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). These drugs have shown great promise in fighting various types of cancer. However, there is a big problem. The cost of these treatments is incredibly high. This makes them out of reach for most people around the world. So, what can be done to make these life-saving treatments more ...
Peritoneal metastasis is a tough nut to crack. It's hard to treat with standard immunotherapy. The reason? The body's own defenses are weakened in the abdomen, and there's a barrier that stops treatments from working properly. But there's a new player in town: sonodynamic therapy. It's a fancy name for a simple idea. Use sound waves to fight cancer. This therapy has ...
Lymph nodes are like the body's first line of defense against cancer. When cancer cells spread, they often head straight to the sentinel lymph node (SLN). This is the first lymph node they encounter. Doctors use the SLN to predict how bad the cancer might get. If cancer cells are found in the SLN, the patient's cancer stage goes up to stage III. This means the cancer...
Cancer treatment has seen a big change with the introduction of neoadjuvant immunotherapy. This approach is used before surgery or other main treatments. It has shown promise in fighting several types of cancer, like melanoma, lung, bladder, colorectal, and breast cancer. The idea is to boost the body's own defenses to attack cancer cells early on. But, there are hu...
GI cancers, which include tumors in the stomach, intestines, and other parts of the digestive system, are a major cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Once these cancers reach an advanced stage, survival rates drop significantly. This is where immunotherapy comes into play. Immunotherapy has shown promise in extending the lives of patients with late-stage GI cancers. Ho...
You know how scientists are always trying to fight cancer? Well, they've been using tiny particles called nanoparticles as a way to deliver medicine or boost the immune system. These nanoparticles can be tricky, though, because they interact with our immune cells in complex ways. To make sure these nanoparticles are safe, scientists need to understand how they affect...
First, let's understand what we're talking about. Lung cancer is a deadly disease. Two ways to fight it are chemoimmunotherapy and immunotherapy. Chemoimmunotherapy is like a two-pronged attack. Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. The chemotherapy part of chemoimmunotherapy has been a standard treatment for a long time. It has proven its worth in the field...
Cancer treatment has changed a lot with immunotherapy. But herein lies the problem. Some patients do not respond well to treatment. This is on top of having to deal with serious side effects caused by the immune system going into overdrive. Scientists have found a novel way to tackle this. These smart scientists developed a new kind of injectable ...