Plant cell walls are like the bones of the plant world, giving them structure and strength. But unlike bones, plant cell walls change as the plant grows. This is because they are made of different sugars that can stretch and bend. Scientists have been studying these walls to understand how they help
Our bodies are powered by complex chemical reactions called metabolism, which involves a vast orchestra of proteins, enzymes, and other molecules. Sometimes, defects in how these molecules work lead to inborn errors of metabolism (IEM), affecting how we produce and break down proteins, fats, and car
Node preferences matter. In blockchain networks, where decisions are crucial, letting nodes express their choices genuinely can boost trust. Current systems like Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) barely let nodes cast votes. This could lead to unfair control by some nodes. Enter AP-PBFT, a
When athletes come back from ankle surgery, they need to do certain tests to see if they're ready to play sports again. One important test is the drop vertical jump (DVJ). Scientists wanted to know if adding mental tasks while doing this jump could help find athletes at risk of hurting their ankle a
Watching videos can be a solo or group activity. It turns out that how our brains respond to this differs hugely. Scientists decided to take a closer look. They got people to watch short videos and rate how much they anticipated enjoying them and how pleased they felt afterward. The brain activity w
Imagine being a teenager, homeless, and stuck with a broken-down car. That's how Courtney's story starts. She was 16 when she fell in love with cars, especially her 2004 Ford Mustang convertible. But with no money for repairs, she had to learn to fix it herself. YouTube videos and online forums were
Motherhood is tough, but for moms with kids who have Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), it can be especially challenging. These mothers face everyday struggles that go beyond the typical symptoms of ADHD. To manage these obstacles, some moms turn to spiritual practices as a coping stra
Scientists have discovered an interesting link between time and energy in quantum systems under observation. Known as the time-energy uncertainty relation, this concept helps explain how often a quantum system returns to its initial state. Previous studies showed that this return time, called the me
Plants have a tricky choice to make when it comes to growing well. They need to keep harmful pests, or antagonists, at bay while also getting the most out of helpful partners, or mutualists. But these two goals can conflict. When a plant defends itself against pests, it might mess up how it manages
Obesity isn't just about having too much fat. It's a complex conversation between different parts of your body. A diet high in fat and lack of physical activity are the main reasons why people become obese. This leads to serious health issues like heart disease and diabetes, affecting multiple organ
