In the 13th century, the inquisition in Bologna relied heavily on people ratting each other out. Testimonies were key to these trials, and who people chose to incriminate wasn't always straightforward. Several factors played a role: the social circles of the accused, the choices made by investigato
Cartilage in joints like knees can get damaged easily, and unlike other parts of the body, it doesn't fix itself. This is a big problem, especially for athletes, people with injuries, and those suffering from conditions like osteoarthritis. Traditionally, treating cartilage damage has been tricky. I
President Donald J. Trump made a bold move to bolster America’s steel and aluminum industries. He signed new proclamations to tighten up existing loopholes and exemptions. This means that foreign steel and aluminum imports will now face a solid 25% tariff, which is a double jump for aluminum because
Imagine living with constant back pain, struggling with everyday activities like walking or lifting objects. This is the reality for many people dealing with lumbar disc herniation (LDH). It happens when the soft center of a spinal disc bulges out, pressing on nearby nerves and causing issues like s
Ever thought about how vitamin D, which we all know keeps your bones strong, has other tricks up its sleeve? Researchers have been diving into this mystery. Clinical trials are crucial, but they need careful planning to be effective. This is where systematic reviews come in. Think of them a
With the growing need for alternatives to traditional pain medication, a new player has entered the field: Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) therapy. This non-invasive treatment uses electromagnetic fields to tweak nitric oxide signaling in the body, promoting healing and potentially reducing pain
The quality of care in control arms of clinical trials is a big deal. In the medical world, patients in control groups should get the best standard treatment. This is even more true when testing new treatments. Problems have been found in some trials for cancer treatments. This is where things s
Obesity is a big problem. It's a chronic disease that can lead to serious heart and metabolic issues. Doctors know that visceral fat, the kind that sits deep in your abdomen, is a major culprit. This type of fat is linked to bad cholesterol levels, which can cause heart disease. So, researchers want
Rare gene problem called Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase deficiency (AADCd) makes it tough for kids to move and learn. It gets in the way of their coordination, balance, and brain development. AADCd affects a small number of people but can cause big problems. Think of it as a roadblock on the pa
In a fascinating study, researchers dug deep into the world of gut health. What they found was that the gut microbiome--that's the tiny world of bacteria living in your digestive system--changing. This change was particularly noticeable in those folks who are overweight or obese. This was true fo
