The Hidden Water Loss in Patzcuaro Lake Basin

The Patzcuaro Lake Basin in Mexico faces a significant water loss issue. This loss comes from several sources. Water evaporates from the lake surface. Plants lose water through a process called evapotranspiration. Some water gets intercepted by vegetation and never reaches the ground. Additionally, water-loving plants also release water into the air. All these factors contribute to the overall water loss in the basin. To understand this better, scientists used various methods. They measured water loss from the lake using a technique called BREB. For evapotranspiration from regular plants, they used data from weather stations and special tools called ETgage evaporimeters. The water loss from vegetation interception was calculated based on rainfall and plant types. For water-loving plants, they used direct measurements with an open-circuit chamber. The results showed a wide range of water loss. Evapotranspiration from regular plants was between 308 mm and 503 mm. The lake itself lost about 1, 179 mm of water through evaporation. Water-loving plants lost around 1, 824 mm. Interception by vegetation resulted in a loss of 102 mm to 227 mm. When looking at the water budget, some areas showed a deficit. The Ajuno sub-basin had a shortfall of 12 mm. The main lake basin had over 65% water loss. However, other sub-basins had a positive water balance. This means they had enough water for surface runoff, infiltration, and deep percolation, ranging from 18 mm to 156 mm. This study highlights the role of vegetation and the lake in the basin's water loss. It's crucial to understand these processes. This knowledge can help in managing water resources better. It can also aid in planning for the future, especially with climate change. After all, water is a precious resource. Every drop counts, especially in places like the Patzcuaro Lake Basin.