Ever wondered why some genes are active in certain tissues but not others? Or why they behave differently in sickness compared to health? The answer might lie in the promoters, the gene's silent conductors. Promoters are like the gene's personal managers. They decide when and where a gene should be expressed. But what makes some promoters choose specific tissues or ...
Bones healing is a complex process. It involves many cells and signals. Macrophages, a type of immune cell, play a big role. They help other cells, called mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), to grow and change. This process is not just about chemicals. It also depends on physical forces, like pressure and movement. Scientists used a special machine to grow macrophages...
The world of toxicology is changing. Researchers have been exploring new ways to test how harmful substances affect living things. One exciting development is the use of three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures. These 3D models are better at mimicking real tissues than the old flat (2D) cell layers. However, using 3D fish cell models in toxicology studies is still ra...
Mangrove forests are not the most stable places for fish to live. The temperature can change a lot from day to day and from season to season. Fish that live there have to be tough. They have to be able to adapt to these changes quickly. One way they do this is through something called plasticity. Plasticity is like a superpower that lets them change their traits...
A new gene is getting attention in the fight against throat cancer. This gene, DSC2, might change how doctors treat a specific type of throat cancer. This type is called locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. These cancers are tough to treat. Traditional methods often cause serious problems with how the larynx works. ...
Plants face a lot of challenges from their environment. They have to deal with droughts, salt, extreme temperatures, and even attacks from pests and diseases. To handle these issues, plants use special tools called transcription factors. These tools help plants respond to stress by turning specific genes on or off. One important group of these tools is called NF-Y tr...
Miscanthus lutarioriparius is a plant that grows back every year. It is known for producing a lot of biomass. This makes it useful for making biofuels and other eco-friendly products. Scientists have been studying this plant to understand how it handles tough conditions like too much salt or not enough water. They built special libraries of its genes to find out more...
Ultrasound technology has been a game-changer in the medical field. It is safe and does not require surgery. It has been used to treat long-term illnesses. But did you know that it can also affect fat cells? Researchers looked into how low-intensity pulsed ultrasounds impact fat cells and tissue. They found that a quick burst of ultrasound did not harm or change the ...
Alzheimer's disease is a complex condition that scientists are still trying to understand. One big challenge is figuring out how to spot it early. Thanks to modern technology, researchers can now look at the entire human genome using something called microarrays. This should make diagnosing Alzheimer's more accurate. However, there's a catch. Different platforms and ...
It is well-known that plants can be influenced by their surroundings. For maritime pines, temperature changes during early growth can lead to significant differences in how they develop. This was discovered through experiments that altered the temperature during the maturation of pine embryos. The results showed that pines grown in colder or warmer conditions than us...