Multiple sclerosis (MS) causes increasing disability due to long-term inflammation in the brain and spinal cord. This ongoing inflammation, called smoldering neuroinflammation, is tough to treat with current medications. Chronic active white matter lesions are a big part of this problem. Initially, these lesions were only seen in autopsies. But now, we have advanceme...

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a puzzle where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own nerves. We know that certain genes and outside factors kickstart this process, but the full picture remains blurry. While we've identified harmful T cells, the role of B cells – the antibody producers – is still a mystery. Understanding how these B cells contribute to nerve ...

You might have heard that inflammation and neuron death are linked to epilepsy, but do these changes actually cause seizures? To find out, scientists created a unique mouse model. They inserted a special protein that makes certain brain cells sensitive to a toxin. This protein, tied to a specific gene called CCL17, is found in adult brain cells called pyramidal neuro...

Scientists in Florida found something interesting about Alzheimer's disease. They think it might be linked to what's happening in our gut. Let's break this down. Alzheimer's is a brain disease that makes it hard to remember things and think clearly. It affects millions of older adults in the U. S. alone, and that number could double by 2060. Our gut has lots of tiny...