NK cells are like the body's first line of defense against cancer. They can spot and attack harmful cells without needing a specific signal. This makes them a promising tool for fighting cancer. However, tumors can create a tough environment that weakens NK cells. This environment can make it hard for NK cells to do their job. Scientists are studying how NK cells ada...
The world of tiny organisms, or microbes, is having a big impact on cancer. These microbes live in and on our bodies, and they can change how our immune system fights cancer. The area around a tumor, called the tumor microenvironment, is a busy place. It's full of cancer cells, immune cells, and other stuff that can either help or hurt the tumor. Some microbes can m...
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is tough to treat. It doesn't respond well to common therapies. But why? Recent research points to fat cells nearby. These fat cells change in ways that help cancer grow and spread. Normally, fat cells store energy. But in TNBC, they lose fat and become inflamed. This isn't good. The changed fat cells send signals to cancer cells...
The world of cancer treatment is a complex battlefield. One key player in this fight is the tumor microenvironment (TME). This is the area around a tumor, where various cells and substances interact. These interactions can greatly influence how cancer develops and responds to treatment. The TME is a dynamic place, constantly changing and adapting. It includes blood v...
Oral cancer is a big deal, especially in Asia, where it's a leading cause of cancer deaths. It is important to understand the factors that influence how oral cancer cells behave. One such factor is the stiffness of the tumor's environment. This stiffness can change how cancer cells move, grow, and spread. It is important to understand how this stiffness affects o...
In the fight against breast cancer, a new approach is gaining attention. It involves tiny, smart particles that can target and attack tumors in multiple ways. These particles are designed to overcome two big challenges: low oxygen levels in tumors and high levels of a substance called glutathione. This substance protects cancer cells from damage. The new strategy use...
Lactate is not just a waste product from sugar breakdown. It is a key player in cancer's strategy. It fuels cells, sends signals, and helps cancer cells talk to each other. This is a big shift from the old idea of lactate. It shows that lactate can move around and affect different cells, tissues, and organs. This is crucial to understand because cancer cells produce ...
Cancer treatment has seen a big change with the introduction of neoadjuvant immunotherapy. This approach is used before surgery or other main treatments. It has shown promise in fighting several types of cancer, like melanoma, lung, bladder, colorectal, and breast cancer. The idea is to boost the body's own defenses to attack cancer cells early on. But, there are hu...
Cancer is deadly because it spreads to other parts of the body. This spreading, or metastasis, happens when cancer cells leave the original tumor and travel through the bloodstream to form new tumors elsewhere. But, this journey is tough. Most cancer cells don't survive the trip. They have to squeeze into tiny blood vessels, stick to the vessel walls, and squeeze out...
Breast cancer cells, especially the aggressive triple-negative type, can change when they don't get enough oxygen. This is called hypoxia, and it's a big deal in the world of cancer research. Scientists have found that when these cells are starved of oxygen for a short time, a protein called Annexin A6 (AnxA6) goes down. But if the oxygen deprivation lasts longer tha...